Measures to mitigate climate change
Since climate change is a global problem, solutions must also be taken globally, for all countries.
Among the measures we can take to mitigate climate change include:
Reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, which will prevent its concentration in the atmosphere continue to rise. This can only be achieved through efficiency and energy saving and renewable energy, which gradually replace fossil fuels in electricity production. In addition to achieve the necessary technology available, but we need to reduce barriers to the dissemination and transfer of these technologies are used sufficient financial resources and assist countries with underdeveloped economies. Also to be applied as economic and social policies favoring energy conservation and encourage renewable energy.
Increasing forest areas, since they act as sinks to absorb carbon dioxide, preventing deforestation and increasing afforestation, respecting biodiversity as possible.
Promote from the most essential and adaptation measures, especially in areas with sensitive ecosystems and economy more vulnerable sectors.
Kyoto Protocol
This is the first international commitment to curb climate change and took place in December 1997 in the city of Kyoto at the Third Conference of the Parties to the Framework Convention on Climate Change, which brought together 125 countries.
The Kyoto Protocol commits all ratifying countries to reduce emissions of six greenhouse gases. The overall reduction commitment for the period 2004-2012 is 5.2% over 1990 levels, although in each country's share of reduction varies according to which contaminated in the past.
For the Kyoto Protocol is finally a reality, must be ratified by at least 55 countries, totaling at least 55% of emissions of greenhouse gases worldwide. The main problem was the refusal of the U.S., which also produces 25% of global emissions, although Moscow's accession in 2005, which accounts for 17.4% of emissions, the Kyoto Protocol enters into force with a total of 126 countries that ratify it.
Mechanisms to minimize the economic impact of the Kyoto Protocol
Many of the measures taken to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases pose serious problems for certain sectors, so it is essential to apply policies to reduce the inevitable economic impact.
For this reason the Kyoto Protocol includes measures such as carbon sinks, ie increase the areas of forest and farmland that naturally absorb significant amounts of carbon dioxide, although the difficulty is that you can not quantify sure the level of absorption as well as all species not behave the same in this regard.
They are also so-called flexibility mechanisms, which have produced so much controversy and consist of three steps:
Buying and selling of emissions. - The idea is that countries reduce their emissions below their fair share, they can sell the difference to other countries that exceed their limits, thereby reducing the economic cost that has meant a reduction and offset the emissions internationally. The downside is that this could become a form of trade, which is far from the purpose for which intended.
Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), which is to export clean technology projects to countries that have not made any commitment to reduce, so that exporters are discounted differences in emissions resulting from the abandonment of the old technology and the least developed funded.
Joint Implementation. - A measure similar to the Clean Development Mechanism, but with the difference that the exchange of technology between countries is committed to emissions
Among the measures we can take to mitigate climate change include:
Reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, which will prevent its concentration in the atmosphere continue to rise. This can only be achieved through efficiency and energy saving and renewable energy, which gradually replace fossil fuels in electricity production. In addition to achieve the necessary technology available, but we need to reduce barriers to the dissemination and transfer of these technologies are used sufficient financial resources and assist countries with underdeveloped economies. Also to be applied as economic and social policies favoring energy conservation and encourage renewable energy.
Increasing forest areas, since they act as sinks to absorb carbon dioxide, preventing deforestation and increasing afforestation, respecting biodiversity as possible.
Promote from the most essential and adaptation measures, especially in areas with sensitive ecosystems and economy more vulnerable sectors.
Kyoto Protocol
This is the first international commitment to curb climate change and took place in December 1997 in the city of Kyoto at the Third Conference of the Parties to the Framework Convention on Climate Change, which brought together 125 countries.
The Kyoto Protocol commits all ratifying countries to reduce emissions of six greenhouse gases. The overall reduction commitment for the period 2004-2012 is 5.2% over 1990 levels, although in each country's share of reduction varies according to which contaminated in the past.
For the Kyoto Protocol is finally a reality, must be ratified by at least 55 countries, totaling at least 55% of emissions of greenhouse gases worldwide. The main problem was the refusal of the U.S., which also produces 25% of global emissions, although Moscow's accession in 2005, which accounts for 17.4% of emissions, the Kyoto Protocol enters into force with a total of 126 countries that ratify it.
Mechanisms to minimize the economic impact of the Kyoto Protocol
Many of the measures taken to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases pose serious problems for certain sectors, so it is essential to apply policies to reduce the inevitable economic impact.
For this reason the Kyoto Protocol includes measures such as carbon sinks, ie increase the areas of forest and farmland that naturally absorb significant amounts of carbon dioxide, although the difficulty is that you can not quantify sure the level of absorption as well as all species not behave the same in this regard.
They are also so-called flexibility mechanisms, which have produced so much controversy and consist of three steps:
Buying and selling of emissions. - The idea is that countries reduce their emissions below their fair share, they can sell the difference to other countries that exceed their limits, thereby reducing the economic cost that has meant a reduction and offset the emissions internationally. The downside is that this could become a form of trade, which is far from the purpose for which intended.
Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), which is to export clean technology projects to countries that have not made any commitment to reduce, so that exporters are discounted differences in emissions resulting from the abandonment of the old technology and the least developed funded.
Joint Implementation. - A measure similar to the Clean Development Mechanism, but with the difference that the exchange of technology between countries is committed to emissions
